| Mathias was born 1753 and died 1806 |
Mathias Schilly and Anna Maria Armbruster
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Schilly
 |
 |
 |
 |
Armbruster
| Eleven Generations from Germany/France/Germany to the U.S.A. - DE1. Lawrence Schilli, (b. 1710 in ?; d. 2-4-1745 in ?) Married: (?) TO: (?) Father of Mathias Schilly. DE2/FR1. Mathias Schilly (Schilli), (b. 1735 in Rieshof, Passau in Niederbayern (Lower Bavaria); d. 3-30-1806 it appears in Paris Region). Married: (?) Anna Maria Armbruster, (b. ? in Fessenbach, Middle Baden; d. ? it appears in Paris Region ) Parents of Andreas Schilly (Schilli) but not certain how many other children. |
Lower Bavaria (German: Niederbayern) is one of the seven administrative
regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state. It is
subdivided into three regions (Planungsverband)—Landshut, Regensburg
and Donau-Wald. Recent election results mark it as the most conservative
part of Germany, generally giving huge margins to the CSU.
Passau is a district (Kreis) in the southeast of Bavaria. It encloses the city
of Passau geographically from two sides. Neighboring districts are (from
the east clockwise) Rottal-Inn, Deggendorf, Freyung-Grafenau. To the south
it borders Austria.
Archaeological findings prove that the area was settled more than 7000
years ago. In 1971 the district was created by merging the previous districts
Wegscheid, Vilshofen, Griesbach (Rottal) and parts of the districts
Pfarrkirchen and Eggenfelden. The city's original name was Batava (also
known as Batavia) in Roman times. Passau survived three major fires, the
biggest one being the all-destructive fire from 1662. After much of the city
had burned down, bishops rebuilt it in Baroque style. To this day, massive
cathedrals such as the St. Stephan's Dom (Dom means "cathedral" in
German) stun visitors from all over the world. St. Stephan houses the
world's largest church organ.
The district consists of two geographically different parts, separated by the
river Danube. In the north is the southern part of the Bayrischer Wald
(Bavarian woods) mountains with hills up to 1000 meter. In the south of the
Danube river the landscape is only hilly with plains between the valleys of
the Inn and Ilz river.
regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state. It is
subdivided into three regions (Planungsverband)—Landshut, Regensburg
and Donau-Wald. Recent election results mark it as the most conservative
part of Germany, generally giving huge margins to the CSU.
Passau is a district (Kreis) in the southeast of Bavaria. It encloses the city
of Passau geographically from two sides. Neighboring districts are (from
the east clockwise) Rottal-Inn, Deggendorf, Freyung-Grafenau. To the south
it borders Austria.
Archaeological findings prove that the area was settled more than 7000
years ago. In 1971 the district was created by merging the previous districts
Wegscheid, Vilshofen, Griesbach (Rottal) and parts of the districts
Pfarrkirchen and Eggenfelden. The city's original name was Batava (also
known as Batavia) in Roman times. Passau survived three major fires, the
biggest one being the all-destructive fire from 1662. After much of the city
had burned down, bishops rebuilt it in Baroque style. To this day, massive
cathedrals such as the St. Stephan's Dom (Dom means "cathedral" in
German) stun visitors from all over the world. St. Stephan houses the
world's largest church organ.
The district consists of two geographically different parts, separated by the
river Danube. In the north is the southern part of the Bayrischer Wald
(Bavarian woods) mountains with hills up to 1000 meter. In the south of the
Danube river the landscape is only hilly with plains between the valleys of
the Inn and Ilz river.
In the last years of the 17th century, Duke Max Emanuel of Bavaria, his wife being a
Spanish princess, hoped to inherit parts of or even the entire Spanish Empire (King
Carlos II. of Spain had no son). When his wife died while giving birth to a son, this
possibility became much less realistic, as Spain did only recognize her right to
inherit, not that of her husband and son.
Max Emanuel had entered into secret negotiations with France. Following the death
of King Carlos II. of Spain the War of Spanish Succession (1701-1714) broke out,
with Bavaria fighting on the side of France. In 1703, the Bavarian army defeated
invading Austrian armies. Then the combined Austro-Prussian-British troops took
the Schellenberg on the Danube, a commanding position; in 1704, in the Battle of
Höchstädt, the Franco-Bavarian forces suffered a severe defeat. Bavaria fell under
Austrian occupation. Contributions and forced conscription by the Austrian
occupiers caused a rebellion (1705-1706). Meanwhile the Imperial diet declared
both Duke Max Emanuel of Bavaria and his brother, Joseph Clemens,
Princebishop of Cologne (and of other princebishoprics) to have forfeited their
lands (because they sided with the Empire's declared enemy) and to be banned.
The Oberpfalz (Upper Palatinate) was to be returned to Kurpfalz (Rhenish
Palatinate); Emperor Joseph intended to hold on to Bavaria himself; Prussia
protested.
Max Emanuel entered into secret negotiations with Britain and Austria, with the aim
not only to regain Bavaria, but even to achieve either promotion to the rank of king or
further territorial acquisitions. The death of Joseph I. in 1711 was fortunate for
Bavaria, as the Habsburg candidate for the Spanish throne now became Emperor
and ruler over Austria. England did not want to see a reunified Habsburg Empire;
the Treaty of Utrecht 1713 restored Max Emanuel to the Duchy of Bavaria (without
the Innviertel).
Emperor Charles VI. had no son; Duke Max Emanuel hoped to secure the Imperial
crown after Charles' death, and concluded an alliance with France to secure the
latter's support in 1714. In 1722 Max Emanuel married his son Charles Albrecht to
a Habsburg princess. The 1720es saw frequently changing political constellations
in Europe. In 1724 the various branches of the House of Wittelsbach signed a treaty
of defensive alliance and cooperation (Wittelsbacher Hausunion), signatories
Bavaria, Kurpfalz, Pfalz-Neuburg, Pfalz-Sulzbach, the Princebishoprics of Cologne
and Trier. The House of Wittelsbach controlled 4 of the 9 electoral votes.
In 1726, Max Emanuel died; he was succeeded by Charles Albrecht. Bavaria
entered into an alliance with Spain and the Emperor, which secured subsidies for
Bavaria. In 1727 Bavaria renewed the French alliance. During the War of Polish
Succession (1733-1735) the Wittelsbach countries remained neutral, despite the
fact that the Holy Roman Empire declared war on France.
In 1740 Emperor Charles VI. died without a son; Habsburg diplomacy had
prepared for the situation by getting the Pragmatic Sanction signed by domestic
diets and foreign powers. On the other hand, Bavarian diplomacy had long
prepared for the situation, and Charles Albrecht declared his candidacy for the
Imperial crown. In 1741, Austrian troops invaded Upper Austria, then Bohemia,
where he had himself crowned King of Bohemia (War of Austrian Succession
1741-1748). Maria Theresia took control of the Habsburg territories, signed a peace
treaty with Prussia and then threw her forces against the Bavarian forces. In 1742
Charles Albrecht was elected Holy Roman Emperor Charles VII.; in the same year
the Bavarian troops were expelled from Bohemia and Upper Austria; Austrian
troops invaded Bavaria. The Bavarian commander had to sign a treaty in which he
declared the neutrality of the Bavarian forces (1743); the French, Bavaria's most
important allies, were defeated in the Battle of Dettingen 1744. In 1745 Bavaria,
Prussia, Hessen-Kassel and Kurpfalz signed a renewed (anti-Habsburg) alliance;
Charles Albrecht died in early 1745.
In 1745 Duke Charles Albrecht died; he was succeeded by Max III. Joseph
(1745-1777). Bavaria just had utterly failed with her policy to secure the Imperial
crown. Max III. Joseph terminated the French alliance and signed a treaty with the
Dutch Republic and the United Kingdom, which brought subsidies for Bavaria, but
obliged her to contribute a Bavarian corps to the defense of the Netherlands. In
1746 the Wittelsbach Hausunion was confirmed. In 1748 the War of Austrian
Succession formally was ended; in 1750 Bavaria renewed her subsidy treaty with
Austria, the Dutch Republik and the United Kingdom.
Bavaria tried to escape such obligations toward others. In 1756 Bavaria signed a
subsidy treaty with France, which obliged Bavaria to remain neutral in case of an
Imperial war against France. In 1756 the Seven Years' War broke out; in 1757 an
Imperial war against Prussia was decided upon. Bavaria reluctantly contributed her
contingent, which was withdrawn already in 1758. Bavaria now strove for the Holy
Roman Empire to take a neutral position. In 1762 an agreement of neutrality was
signed by Bavaria and Prussia.
In 1771, Bavaria and Kurpfalz (Duke Karl Theodor) signed a treaty securing mutual
inheritance. Max III. Joseph had no children; when he died in 1777, Bavaria became
the object of yet another succession conflict.
In 1759, Duke Max III. Joseph founded the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. In 1776,
the Bavarian branch of the (secret, masonic) Order of Illuminates was founded in
Ingolstadt, Bavaria. In 1771, Bavaria introduced mandatory elementary education.
The ambitions of the Bavarian prince electors led to several wars with Austria
during the early 18th century. From 1777 onwards Bavaria and the Electoral
Palatinate were governed in personal union again.
When Napoleon abolished the Empire, Bavaria became a kingdom in 1806,
and its area reduplicated. Tyrol and Salzburg were temporarily reunited with
Bavaria but finally ceded to Austria. In return the Rhenish Palatinate and
Franconia were annexed to Bavaria in 1815. Between 1799 and 1817 the
leading minister count Montgelas followed a strict policy of modernisation and
laid the foundations of administrative structures that survived even the
monarchy and are (in their core) valid until today. In 1818 a modern constitution
(by the standards of the time) was passed, that established a bicameral
Parliament with a House of Lords ("Kammer der Reichsräte") and a House of
Commons ("Kammer der Abgeordneten"). The constitution was valid until the
collapse of the monarchy at the end of the First World War.
After the rise of Prussia to prominence Bavaria managed to preserve its
independence by playing off the rivalries of Prussia and Austria, but defeat in the
1866 Austro-Prussian War led to its incorporation into the German Empire in
1871. In the early 20th century Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Henrik Ibsen, and
other notable artists were drawn to Bavaria, notably to the Schwabing district of
Munich, later devastated by World War II.
Spanish princess, hoped to inherit parts of or even the entire Spanish Empire (King
Carlos II. of Spain had no son). When his wife died while giving birth to a son, this
possibility became much less realistic, as Spain did only recognize her right to
inherit, not that of her husband and son.
Max Emanuel had entered into secret negotiations with France. Following the death
of King Carlos II. of Spain the War of Spanish Succession (1701-1714) broke out,
with Bavaria fighting on the side of France. In 1703, the Bavarian army defeated
invading Austrian armies. Then the combined Austro-Prussian-British troops took
the Schellenberg on the Danube, a commanding position; in 1704, in the Battle of
Höchstädt, the Franco-Bavarian forces suffered a severe defeat. Bavaria fell under
Austrian occupation. Contributions and forced conscription by the Austrian
occupiers caused a rebellion (1705-1706). Meanwhile the Imperial diet declared
both Duke Max Emanuel of Bavaria and his brother, Joseph Clemens,
Princebishop of Cologne (and of other princebishoprics) to have forfeited their
lands (because they sided with the Empire's declared enemy) and to be banned.
The Oberpfalz (Upper Palatinate) was to be returned to Kurpfalz (Rhenish
Palatinate); Emperor Joseph intended to hold on to Bavaria himself; Prussia
protested.
Max Emanuel entered into secret negotiations with Britain and Austria, with the aim
not only to regain Bavaria, but even to achieve either promotion to the rank of king or
further territorial acquisitions. The death of Joseph I. in 1711 was fortunate for
Bavaria, as the Habsburg candidate for the Spanish throne now became Emperor
and ruler over Austria. England did not want to see a reunified Habsburg Empire;
the Treaty of Utrecht 1713 restored Max Emanuel to the Duchy of Bavaria (without
the Innviertel).
Emperor Charles VI. had no son; Duke Max Emanuel hoped to secure the Imperial
crown after Charles' death, and concluded an alliance with France to secure the
latter's support in 1714. In 1722 Max Emanuel married his son Charles Albrecht to
a Habsburg princess. The 1720es saw frequently changing political constellations
in Europe. In 1724 the various branches of the House of Wittelsbach signed a treaty
of defensive alliance and cooperation (Wittelsbacher Hausunion), signatories
Bavaria, Kurpfalz, Pfalz-Neuburg, Pfalz-Sulzbach, the Princebishoprics of Cologne
and Trier. The House of Wittelsbach controlled 4 of the 9 electoral votes.
In 1726, Max Emanuel died; he was succeeded by Charles Albrecht. Bavaria
entered into an alliance with Spain and the Emperor, which secured subsidies for
Bavaria. In 1727 Bavaria renewed the French alliance. During the War of Polish
Succession (1733-1735) the Wittelsbach countries remained neutral, despite the
fact that the Holy Roman Empire declared war on France.
In 1740 Emperor Charles VI. died without a son; Habsburg diplomacy had
prepared for the situation by getting the Pragmatic Sanction signed by domestic
diets and foreign powers. On the other hand, Bavarian diplomacy had long
prepared for the situation, and Charles Albrecht declared his candidacy for the
Imperial crown. In 1741, Austrian troops invaded Upper Austria, then Bohemia,
where he had himself crowned King of Bohemia (War of Austrian Succession
1741-1748). Maria Theresia took control of the Habsburg territories, signed a peace
treaty with Prussia and then threw her forces against the Bavarian forces. In 1742
Charles Albrecht was elected Holy Roman Emperor Charles VII.; in the same year
the Bavarian troops were expelled from Bohemia and Upper Austria; Austrian
troops invaded Bavaria. The Bavarian commander had to sign a treaty in which he
declared the neutrality of the Bavarian forces (1743); the French, Bavaria's most
important allies, were defeated in the Battle of Dettingen 1744. In 1745 Bavaria,
Prussia, Hessen-Kassel and Kurpfalz signed a renewed (anti-Habsburg) alliance;
Charles Albrecht died in early 1745.
In 1745 Duke Charles Albrecht died; he was succeeded by Max III. Joseph
(1745-1777). Bavaria just had utterly failed with her policy to secure the Imperial
crown. Max III. Joseph terminated the French alliance and signed a treaty with the
Dutch Republic and the United Kingdom, which brought subsidies for Bavaria, but
obliged her to contribute a Bavarian corps to the defense of the Netherlands. In
1746 the Wittelsbach Hausunion was confirmed. In 1748 the War of Austrian
Succession formally was ended; in 1750 Bavaria renewed her subsidy treaty with
Austria, the Dutch Republik and the United Kingdom.
Bavaria tried to escape such obligations toward others. In 1756 Bavaria signed a
subsidy treaty with France, which obliged Bavaria to remain neutral in case of an
Imperial war against France. In 1756 the Seven Years' War broke out; in 1757 an
Imperial war against Prussia was decided upon. Bavaria reluctantly contributed her
contingent, which was withdrawn already in 1758. Bavaria now strove for the Holy
Roman Empire to take a neutral position. In 1762 an agreement of neutrality was
signed by Bavaria and Prussia.
In 1771, Bavaria and Kurpfalz (Duke Karl Theodor) signed a treaty securing mutual
inheritance. Max III. Joseph had no children; when he died in 1777, Bavaria became
the object of yet another succession conflict.
In 1759, Duke Max III. Joseph founded the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. In 1776,
the Bavarian branch of the (secret, masonic) Order of Illuminates was founded in
Ingolstadt, Bavaria. In 1771, Bavaria introduced mandatory elementary education.
The ambitions of the Bavarian prince electors led to several wars with Austria
during the early 18th century. From 1777 onwards Bavaria and the Electoral
Palatinate were governed in personal union again.
When Napoleon abolished the Empire, Bavaria became a kingdom in 1806,
and its area reduplicated. Tyrol and Salzburg were temporarily reunited with
Bavaria but finally ceded to Austria. In return the Rhenish Palatinate and
Franconia were annexed to Bavaria in 1815. Between 1799 and 1817 the
leading minister count Montgelas followed a strict policy of modernisation and
laid the foundations of administrative structures that survived even the
monarchy and are (in their core) valid until today. In 1818 a modern constitution
(by the standards of the time) was passed, that established a bicameral
Parliament with a House of Lords ("Kammer der Reichsräte") and a House of
Commons ("Kammer der Abgeordneten"). The constitution was valid until the
collapse of the monarchy at the end of the First World War.
After the rise of Prussia to prominence Bavaria managed to preserve its
independence by playing off the rivalries of Prussia and Austria, but defeat in the
1866 Austro-Prussian War led to its incorporation into the German Empire in
1871. In the early 20th century Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Henrik Ibsen, and
other notable artists were drawn to Bavaria, notably to the Schwabing district of
Munich, later devastated by World War II.
Armbruster
German (also Armbrüster): occupational name for a soldier armed with
a crossbow or for a maker of crossbows, from an agent derivative of
armbrust ‘crossbow’.
Frau Mathias Schilly, nee Anna Maria Armbruster
German (also Armbrüster): occupational name for a soldier armed with
a crossbow or for a maker of crossbows, from an agent derivative of
armbrust ‘crossbow’.
Frau Mathias Schilly, nee Anna Maria Armbruster
Schilly
probably a variant of Swiss German Schilli or
Schieli, a nickmane for a cross-eyed (sometimes
one-eyed) person, Middle High German schiel.
probably a variant of Swiss German Schilli or
Schieli, a nickmane for a cross-eyed (sometimes
one-eyed) person, Middle High German schiel.
| Armbruster Spelling variations of this family name include: Armbruster, Armbroster, Armbriester, Armpruster and others. First found in Baden-Wurttemberg and northern Switzerland, where the name has been found in records dating from the 14th century. Some of the first settlers of this family name or some of its variants were: Anton Armbruster who went to New York, N.Y. in 1863 at the age of 19; and was preceded by a man of the same name, who went to Philadelphia in 1754. Hanns Jurg Armbruster also went to Philadelphia in 1754. Christian Armbruster went to America in 1751 and Gottfried is listed with the same destination in 1818. Rudolf Armbruster went to New York in 1850. Almost one hundred years earlier, Gabriel Armbriester went to Philadelphia, in 1752. Some noteworthy people of the name Armbruster * Peter Armbruster, German scientist, who helped created new radioactive substances in the 1980s * Dr. Dieter Armbruster, Math professor and text book writer, Arizona state university * G. Armbruster, Jazz writer * Jeffry J. Armbruster, Ohio State Senator (2000). |
The Bishop of Passau is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of
Passau in the Archdiocese of München und Freising .
Passau in the Archdiocese of München und Freising .
Emperor Charles VII Albert (Brussels August 6, 1697 – January 20, 1745 in
Munich), a member of the Wittelsbach family, was Prince-elector of Bavaria from
1726 and Holy Roman Emperor from January 24, 1742 until his death in 1745.
As son in law of Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor Charles Albert rejected the
Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 and claimed the German territories of the Habsburg
dynasty after the death of Charles VI in 1740. With the treaty of Nymphenburg
concluded in July 1741, Charles Albert allied with France and Spain against Austria.
Starting the War of the Austrian Succession Charles Albert invaded Upper Austria in
1741 and planned to conquer Vienna but his allied French troops were redirected to
Bohemia instead. So Charles Albert was crowned King of Bohemia in Prague (9
December 1741) when Habsburg was still not defeated. He was elected 'King of the
Romans' on 24 January 1742, and took the title 'Holy Roman Emperor' upon his
coronation on 12 February 1742. His brother Klemens August of Bavaria, archbishop
and elector (Kurfürst) of Cologne, who mostly sided with the Austria Habsburg-
Lorraine side during the Habsburg successions, cast his vote for him and
personally crowned him emperor at Frankfurt.
Short after the coronation most of Charles Albert's territories were overrun by the
Austrians and Bavaria was occupied by the troops of Maria Theresa. In October 1744
a new alliance with Frederick II of Prussia forced the Austrian army to leave Bavaria
and Charles VII reobtained Munich. Very gouty he returned only to die three months
later. His brother Klemens August then again leaned toward Austria and also his
son and successor Maximilian III Joseph made peace with Austria.
Charles Albert is buried in the crypt of the Theatinerkirche in Munich.
Munich), a member of the Wittelsbach family, was Prince-elector of Bavaria from
1726 and Holy Roman Emperor from January 24, 1742 until his death in 1745.
As son in law of Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor Charles Albert rejected the
Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 and claimed the German territories of the Habsburg
dynasty after the death of Charles VI in 1740. With the treaty of Nymphenburg
concluded in July 1741, Charles Albert allied with France and Spain against Austria.
Starting the War of the Austrian Succession Charles Albert invaded Upper Austria in
1741 and planned to conquer Vienna but his allied French troops were redirected to
Bohemia instead. So Charles Albert was crowned King of Bohemia in Prague (9
December 1741) when Habsburg was still not defeated. He was elected 'King of the
Romans' on 24 January 1742, and took the title 'Holy Roman Emperor' upon his
coronation on 12 February 1742. His brother Klemens August of Bavaria, archbishop
and elector (Kurfürst) of Cologne, who mostly sided with the Austria Habsburg-
Lorraine side during the Habsburg successions, cast his vote for him and
personally crowned him emperor at Frankfurt.
Short after the coronation most of Charles Albert's territories were overrun by the
Austrians and Bavaria was occupied by the troops of Maria Theresa. In October 1744
a new alliance with Frederick II of Prussia forced the Austrian army to leave Bavaria
and Charles VII reobtained Munich. Very gouty he returned only to die three months
later. His brother Klemens August then again leaned toward Austria and also his
son and successor Maximilian III Joseph made peace with Austria.
Charles Albert is buried in the crypt of the Theatinerkirche in Munich.
BAVARIA
AD 888 - 1918
When the Romano-German general and emperor. Odoacer, destroyed the Germanic
Rugians in AD 487, a new confederation of Germans formed in its place. They were the
Bavarians. Situated to the south east of modern Germany, the Bavarians were subjugated
by the Franks some time after 553. From 568-788, the Bavarians controlled the territory
that would soon become Austria. In 888, Bavaria emerged as a stem duchy from the
fragmentation of the Frankish Empire.
DUCHY OF BAVARIA (PALATINATE WITTELSBACHS)
This Wittelsbach branch had served as counts and prince electors of the Palatinate since
1329. When the main family line died out in Bavaria in 1777, the title of duke of Bavaria
passed to the Palatinate Wittelsbachs.
1805 Bavaria is raised to a kingdom by Napoleon Bonaparte. Maximilian's daughter
marries Eugene de Beauharnais, Napoleon's step-son.
1814 Bavaria gains land as a result of the Congress of Vienna.
1871 - 1918 The kingdom is made part of the German Empire by Prussia and
effectively becomes a sub-kingdom.
1918 All German monarchies abolished upon the defeat of the German Empire in
World War I.
AD 888 - 1918
When the Romano-German general and emperor. Odoacer, destroyed the Germanic
Rugians in AD 487, a new confederation of Germans formed in its place. They were the
Bavarians. Situated to the south east of modern Germany, the Bavarians were subjugated
by the Franks some time after 553. From 568-788, the Bavarians controlled the territory
that would soon become Austria. In 888, Bavaria emerged as a stem duchy from the
fragmentation of the Frankish Empire.
DUCHY OF BAVARIA (PALATINATE WITTELSBACHS)
This Wittelsbach branch had served as counts and prince electors of the Palatinate since
1329. When the main family line died out in Bavaria in 1777, the title of duke of Bavaria
passed to the Palatinate Wittelsbachs.
1805 Bavaria is raised to a kingdom by Napoleon Bonaparte. Maximilian's daughter
marries Eugene de Beauharnais, Napoleon's step-son.
1814 Bavaria gains land as a result of the Congress of Vienna.
1871 - 1918 The kingdom is made part of the German Empire by Prussia and
effectively becomes a sub-kingdom.
1918 All German monarchies abolished upon the defeat of the German Empire in
World War I.
High Times in Lower Bavaria
Say "Bavaria" and everybody conjures up visions of King Ludwig,
Neuschwanstein, Munich, the Alps, Garmisch and Berchtesgaden. Fine and
good. But, that's Upper Bavaria, very different from Lower Bavaria.
Lower Bavaria has lots of charms of its own including a world-famous
medieval wedding pageant and a town renowned as a center of religion
which has characterized Bavaria for 800 years. There is also a city situated at
the confluence of three rivers which is an international waterway. Asparagus
beds and towering hops frames are found here, too. And dozens of
wonderful, local beers unknown outside of the immediate area. Lower
Bavaria certainly merits a visit.
Forty-minute's drive east of Landshut is Passau, a city of 50,000 situated on
three rivers - the Inn, the Ilz and the Danube. It is one of Bavaria's very few
towns with a "Riviera." Life during the warm months has a Mediterranean
flair, the Romans having settled here in 200 A.D. The narrow streets of the
Old town, the sprawling streets cafés and restaurants, the fine Late Gothic
Cathedral choir within the richly decorated Baroque Cathedral, and the
extraordinary glass museum encompassing glass-making from 1780-1935
housed in the "Wild Man" mansion are one of a kind.
Lounging on the shores, looking down from the hillsides, Passauer
Loewenbraeu or Hackl-Braeu drinkers or lovers of Austrian wines sip their
favorites and view Bavaria's Gateway to the World: the Danube River. There
are cruise-ship docks and terminals, Passau being the first or last German
port on Europe's prime inland waterway. Increasingly popular river cruises
bring hundreds of thousands of guests to and through Passau as they
traverse the Rhine, the Main, the Danube and all their tributaries.
Destinations include Greece, Turkey, Russia, Bulgaria, Rumania, Serbia,
Slovenia, Hungary, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, France, and Holland, all
the way from the Ionian and Black to the Atlantic and North seas. See www.
passau.de
Passau, situated at an altitude of 302 m at the confluence of the rivers
Danube [centre], Inn [left] and Ilz [right], looks back on a history of more than
2000 years. Excavations in the area of the old town unearthed traces of a
celtic settlement of the Latène culture (4th to 1st century BC). During the 1st
century AD, the Romans founded a castle named Boiodurum at the tip of the
peninsula between Danube and Inn. A later Roman settlement, which had
been founded at this place around 240 AD, was Batavis. The first christian
church must have been founded around 460, even before the Romans
abandoned their military posts in 476. Passau became the seat of a bishop
already in 739 and became the centre of one of the most influencial
dioceses of Germany. From 1217 until the secularization in 1803 the
bishops ruled their territory as sovereign prince bishops. Passau received
the formal status of a town in 1225. A new version of the town charter was
issued in 1299 ('Bernhardinischer Stadtbrief', still kept in the town archives).
The 'Passauer Religionsfriede', a treaty negotiated in 1552 between Elector
Moritz of Saxony and King (later Emperor) Ferdinand I, who represented his
brother Emperor Karl V, secured the release of Protestant princes and
helped pave the way for the religious peace of 1555 ('Augsburger
Religionsfriede'). The marriage of Emperor Leopold I and Eleonore of Pfalz-
Neuburg (his 3rd wife) took place in Passau in 1676. In 1803, the territories
of the diocese Passau became part of the Electorate (1806 Kingdom) of
Bavaria. Today, Passau is the administrative, economical and cultural centre
of eastern Lower Bavaria.
The cathedral Sankt Stephan [background right] was built in 1668–1693 in
Baroque style after the previous cathedral was destroyed by fire in 1662. The
first church in this place was founded in 450 AD; in 730 it was first
mentioned as the church of a bishop. In 739 it became the seat of a diocese.
The early Gothic cathedral was built between 1280 and 1325, its eastern part
in late Gothic style was added betweem 1407 and 1560. These late Gothic
parts are the only parts of the church which are still preserved in the present
church of the Baroque period. The architect of the Baroque cathedral was
Carlo Lurago; it is the largest Baroque cathedral north of the Alps. The organ
was built in 1924–1928. After an enlargement in 1978–1981 it is now the
world's largest cathedral organ with 5 manuals, 17,774 pipes and 233 stops.
Say "Bavaria" and everybody conjures up visions of King Ludwig,
Neuschwanstein, Munich, the Alps, Garmisch and Berchtesgaden. Fine and
good. But, that's Upper Bavaria, very different from Lower Bavaria.
Lower Bavaria has lots of charms of its own including a world-famous
medieval wedding pageant and a town renowned as a center of religion
which has characterized Bavaria for 800 years. There is also a city situated at
the confluence of three rivers which is an international waterway. Asparagus
beds and towering hops frames are found here, too. And dozens of
wonderful, local beers unknown outside of the immediate area. Lower
Bavaria certainly merits a visit.
Forty-minute's drive east of Landshut is Passau, a city of 50,000 situated on
three rivers - the Inn, the Ilz and the Danube. It is one of Bavaria's very few
towns with a "Riviera." Life during the warm months has a Mediterranean
flair, the Romans having settled here in 200 A.D. The narrow streets of the
Old town, the sprawling streets cafés and restaurants, the fine Late Gothic
Cathedral choir within the richly decorated Baroque Cathedral, and the
extraordinary glass museum encompassing glass-making from 1780-1935
housed in the "Wild Man" mansion are one of a kind.
Lounging on the shores, looking down from the hillsides, Passauer
Loewenbraeu or Hackl-Braeu drinkers or lovers of Austrian wines sip their
favorites and view Bavaria's Gateway to the World: the Danube River. There
are cruise-ship docks and terminals, Passau being the first or last German
port on Europe's prime inland waterway. Increasingly popular river cruises
bring hundreds of thousands of guests to and through Passau as they
traverse the Rhine, the Main, the Danube and all their tributaries.
Destinations include Greece, Turkey, Russia, Bulgaria, Rumania, Serbia,
Slovenia, Hungary, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, France, and Holland, all
the way from the Ionian and Black to the Atlantic and North seas. See www.
passau.de
Passau, situated at an altitude of 302 m at the confluence of the rivers
Danube [centre], Inn [left] and Ilz [right], looks back on a history of more than
2000 years. Excavations in the area of the old town unearthed traces of a
celtic settlement of the Latène culture (4th to 1st century BC). During the 1st
century AD, the Romans founded a castle named Boiodurum at the tip of the
peninsula between Danube and Inn. A later Roman settlement, which had
been founded at this place around 240 AD, was Batavis. The first christian
church must have been founded around 460, even before the Romans
abandoned their military posts in 476. Passau became the seat of a bishop
already in 739 and became the centre of one of the most influencial
dioceses of Germany. From 1217 until the secularization in 1803 the
bishops ruled their territory as sovereign prince bishops. Passau received
the formal status of a town in 1225. A new version of the town charter was
issued in 1299 ('Bernhardinischer Stadtbrief', still kept in the town archives).
The 'Passauer Religionsfriede', a treaty negotiated in 1552 between Elector
Moritz of Saxony and King (later Emperor) Ferdinand I, who represented his
brother Emperor Karl V, secured the release of Protestant princes and
helped pave the way for the religious peace of 1555 ('Augsburger
Religionsfriede'). The marriage of Emperor Leopold I and Eleonore of Pfalz-
Neuburg (his 3rd wife) took place in Passau in 1676. In 1803, the territories
of the diocese Passau became part of the Electorate (1806 Kingdom) of
Bavaria. Today, Passau is the administrative, economical and cultural centre
of eastern Lower Bavaria.
The cathedral Sankt Stephan [background right] was built in 1668–1693 in
Baroque style after the previous cathedral was destroyed by fire in 1662. The
first church in this place was founded in 450 AD; in 730 it was first
mentioned as the church of a bishop. In 739 it became the seat of a diocese.
The early Gothic cathedral was built between 1280 and 1325, its eastern part
in late Gothic style was added betweem 1407 and 1560. These late Gothic
parts are the only parts of the church which are still preserved in the present
church of the Baroque period. The architect of the Baroque cathedral was
Carlo Lurago; it is the largest Baroque cathedral north of the Alps. The organ
was built in 1924–1928. After an enlargement in 1978–1981 it is now the
world's largest cathedral organ with 5 manuals, 17,774 pipes and 233 stops.
- Rieshof
