
| April 1973-August 1973 |


































| The Johns Hopkins University, founded in 1876, is a private institution of higher learning located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Johns Hopkins offers its main undergraduate and graduate programs at the Homewood campus in Baltimore and maintains full-time campuses in German university model developed by Alexander von Humboldt and Friedrich Schleiermacher. Johns Hopkins was the first American research university, and the first American university to teach through seminars, instead of solely through lectures. The university was the first in America to offer an undergraduate major (as opposed to a purely liberal arts curriculum) and the first American university to grant doctoral degrees. Johns Hopkins was a model for most large research universities in the United States, particularly the University of Chicago. The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health The School of Public Hygiene, founded in 1916, is the first and largest public health school in the world. Founded in 1916 by William H. Welch and John D. Rockefeller, it is the largest public health school in the world, with 470 full-time and 550 part-time faculty, and 1,800 students from 71 countries. It receives nearly one-quarter of all federal research funds awarded to the 32 U.S. schools of public health, and has research ongoing in the U.S. and more than 50 countries. It has consistently been ranked the number one school of public health by U.S. News & World Report. The school is composed of ten different academic departments: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biostatistics, Environmental Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Health Policy and Management, International Health, Mental Health, Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Population and Family Health Sciences, and Behavior and Health. The school was recently renamed after a major donation by Michael Bloomberg, mayor of New York City. Baltimore: The city is named after the founding proprietor of the Maryland Colony, Lord Baltimore in the Irish House of Lords. Baltimore took his title from Baltimore in County Longford in Ireland, which is the English transliteration of the Irish language Baile an Tí Mór, or "Townland of the big house". |
| Dr. Sidney M. Wolfe, a director at Public Citizen, a consumer advocacy group, has been angry with the Food and Drug Administration and talking himself hoarse about it for nearly 34 years. He has condemned dozens of high-priced medicines and denounced their makers. He has castigated state medical boards and railed about rates for Caesarean sections. He has sought to ban unpasteurized milk and some herbal supplements. He grew up in Cleveland and went to Cornell and Case Western Reserve University for medical school, then joined the National Institutes of Health in 1966 to avoid the Vietnam War. In 1971, he discovered that intravenous drugs being made by Abbott Laboratories were contaminated. Patients were dying from the infections that resulted. The F.D.A. had decided to allow the contaminated products to continue to be sold, instructing hospitals to disconnect the fluids at the first sign of infection. He was incensed. He had met Ralph Nader, and the two wrote a letter insisting that the F.D.A. force the drugs' withdrawal. The two gave the letter to every major news organization. Within days, Abbott announced a recall. Dr. Wolfe started getting calls on other issues. He was hooked. He proposed that he and Mr. Nader begin a health research group, the first specialty group within Public Citizen. |


| Psychodrama is a form of drama therapy which explores, through action, the problems of people. It is a group working method, in which each person becomes a therapeutic agent for others in the psychodrama group. Developed by Jacob L. Moreno, psychodrama has strong elements of theater, often conducted on a stage with props. Psychodrama employs guided dramatic action to examine problems or issues raised by an individual (psychodrama) or a group (sociodrama). Using experiential methods, sociometry, role theory, and group dynamics, psychodrama facilitates insight, personal growth, and integration on cognitive, affective, and behavioral levels. It clarifies issues, increases physical and emotional well being, enhances learning and develops new skills. The basic elements (operational components) of psychodrama * The protagonist: Person(s) selected to "represent theme" of group in the drama. * The auxiliary egos: Group members who assume the roles of significant others in the drama * The audience: Group members who witness the drama and represent the world at large. * The stage: The physical space in which the drama is conducted * The director: The trained psychodramatist who guides participants through each phase of the session. The three distinct phases of classical psychodrama 1. The warm-up: The group theme is identified and a protagonist is selected. 2. The action: The problem is dramatized and the protagonist explores new methods of resolving it. 3. The sharing: Group members are invited to express their connection with the protagonist's work. Psychodrama affords participants a safe, supportive environment in which to practice new and more effective roles and behaviors. |



| SUNY-Stony Brook. Close by the historic village of Stony Brook at the geographic midpoint of Long Island, the University campus lies about 60 miles east of Manhattan and 60 miles west of Montauk Point. It is only a short distance to nearby. |
| Beth Israel Medical Center has been serving New Yorkers since 1889. From those early days on the Lower East Side, BIMC has grown into one of the largest providers of inpatient care in the state. With over 1,300 beds, nurses are vital. As the patients’ primary contacts, nurses help explain conditions and treatments, while preparing patients to care for themselves outside the hospital. |
| Dr. Judianne Densen-Gerber, a lawyer and psychiatrist who gained notoriety for founding a drug treatment program (Odyssey House) in New York and went on to give widely quoted but sometimes disputed testimony on subjects like child abuse and pornography. In 1966, Dr. Densen-Gerber founded Odyssey House, one of the earlier drug-free therapeutic communities that helped addicts recover. She was a leading advocate of such programs, which involved group residence and group therapy, as opposed to methadone-maintenance programs. She got to know Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller when she picketed in front of his house to demand funds for her program, and they became friends. In the 1970's she became a conspicuous figure at public hearings, society balls and ghetto demonstrations with her bouffant hairdo, rhinestone-studded glasses and cigars. She graduated from Columbia Law School and New York University Medical School. She did her residency at Metropolitan Hospital, where during one of her pregnancies, the director suggested she spend an hour or two a day working with addicts. That led to her assembling, in 1966, a group of addicts who wanted to cure themselves without using drugs. Before she found a home for them, they slept in 11 temporary shelters, giving rise to the name Odyssey. |




| Some of the major topics we were exposed to at Johns Hopkins in 1973. |


| Mick Maurer attended a conference on Methadone Maintenance at Beth Isreal in 1973 |
| Mick Maurer attended a confernce on Adolescene Drug Abuse in the 1970's at SUNY-Stony Brook University in 1973. |












